Introduction

Underbite and mandibular protrusion are dental and facial conditions that can significantly impact a person's oral health, appearance, and quality of life. In New York City, several public departments and institutions are actively involved in diagnosing, treating, and researching these conditions. This article aims to explore the ranking of public departments in New York City that are well - known for their expertise in handling underbite and mandibular protrusion cases. To understand their standing, we will first delve into the nature of underbite and mandibular protrusion, followed by an in - depth look at the key departments and a detailed ranking.

Understanding Underbite and Mandibular Protrusion

An underbite, also known as a class III malocclusion, occurs when the lower teeth protrude further than the upper teeth. This can result from a variety of factors, including genetics, abnormal jaw growth, and certain oral habits. Mandibular protrusion specifically refers to an overdevelopment of the lower jaw, which often leads to an underbite. These conditions can cause problems such as difficulty chewing, speech impediments, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, and aesthetic concerns.

According to a systematic review (Alhammadi et al., 2018), in the permanent dentition, the global prevalence of class III malocclusion is 5.93% [1 - 20%]. While specific data for New York City may vary, it is clear that underbite and mandibular protrusion are significant oral health issues in the region.

Public Departments in New York City for Underbite and Mandibular Protrusion

NewYork - Presbyterian

NewYork - Presbyterian is a well - respected medical institution in New York City. The divisions of dental, oral, and maxillofacial surgery at NewYork - Presbyterian / Columbia University Medical Center and NewYork - Presbyterian / Weill Cornell Medical Center provide extensive dental services. They offer orthodontic care for both adults and adolescents and have a strong focus on the correction of dentofacial deformities, including underbite and mandibular protrusion. Specialists in the department are also experts in treating temporomandibular joint syndrome, which is often associated with these jaw disorders.

Weill Cornell Medicine

Weill Cornell Medicine's team of oral and maxillofacial surgeons are specialists in orthognathic / corrective jaw surgery for overbites, underbites, and cross - bites. Their goal with orthognathic surgery is to correct these conditions, as they may be the root causes for improper chewing, facial dysfunction, speech issues, joint pain, and sleep disorders. Before surgery, the department collects comprehensive data, including radiographs, measurements of the face and teeth, clinical photographs, and health history. They work closely with orthodontists to ensure the best possible outcome for patients.

Mount Sinai

Mount Sinai has a dedicated team for treating jaw deformities. Their plastic and reconstructive surgeons work as a team, coordinating care with dentists, orthodontists, and other specialists. They treat a variety of jaw - related conditions, such as mandibular hyperplasia (prognathism), which is characterized by an excess of the lower third of the face and can contribute to underbite and mandibular protrusion. The oral and maxillofacial surgeons at Mount Sinai also have vast experience with treating all stages and facets of TMJ disorders, which are often associated with these malocclusions.

Ranking the Public Departments

Criteria for Ranking

To rank the public departments in New York City for underbite and mandibular protrusion, we will consider several criteria:

1. Expertise and experience of the medical staff: The number of years of experience, the qualifications, and the reputation of the surgeons, orthodontists, and other medical professionals in the department.
2. Treatment options available: The range of treatments offered, including non - surgical and surgical options, and their effectiveness in treating underbite and mandibular protrusion.
3. Research and innovation: The department's contribution to research in the field of jaw deformities, new treatment techniques, and their adoption of the latest medical technologies.
4. Patient outcomes: The success rate of treatments, patient satisfaction, and the reduction of complications after treatment.
5. Multidisciplinary approach: The ability of the department to collaborate with different specialties, such as orthodontics, plastic surgery, and physical therapy, to provide comprehensive care.

Ranking Results

Treatment Options for Underbite and Mandibular Protrusion

Non - Surgical Treatments

Non - surgical treatments are often the first line of defense for mild cases of underbite and mandibular protrusion. These include:

• Orthodontic treatment: Braces or clear aligners can be used to gradually move the teeth into the correct position. This can improve the bite and the alignment of the teeth, reducing the appearance of underbite in some cases. However, orthodontics alone may not be sufficient for severe cases caused by jaw growth abnormalities.
• Orthotic appliances: Devices such as bite plates and night guards can be used to correct the bite and relieve pressure on the TMJ. These are often used in combination with other treatments or for patients with TMJ - related symptoms.
• Physical therapy: For patients with TMJ disorders associated with underbite or mandibular protrusion, physical therapy can help improve the function of the jaw muscles, reduce pain, and increase the range of motion.

Surgical Treatments

In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary. Surgical treatments for underbite and mandibular protrusion include:

• Orthognathic surgery: This involves repositioning the upper and/or lower jaw to correct the bite and improve the facial appearance. The surgery is usually performed in combination with orthodontic treatment. Before surgery, the patient will typically wear braces for several months to move the teeth into the correct position. After surgery, the teeth will continue to be adjusted to achieve the optimal bite.
• Arthrocentesis: This is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat TMJ disorders. It involves flushing the TMJ with a saline solution to remove debris and reduce inflammation.
• Arthroscopy: Similar to arthrocentesis, but it uses a small camera (arthroscope) to visualize the inside of the TMJ. This allows the surgeon to diagnose and treat problems more accurately.
• Arthroplasty: In more severe cases of TMJ disorders, arthroplasty may be performed. This involves reconstructing or replacing the TMJ.
• Total joint replacement: In rare cases, the entire TMJ may need to be replaced with a prosthetic joint.

Importance of Early Detection and Treatment

Early detection of underbite and mandibular protrusion is crucial for successful treatment. In children, early intervention can guide the growth of the jaws and prevent the development of more severe problems. For example, orthodontic treatment during the mixed dentition stage (when both baby teeth and permanent teeth are present) can often correct mild underbites without the need for more invasive surgical procedures later in life.

Adults can also benefit from treatment, although the treatment process may be more complex. Early treatment in adults can improve oral health, reduce the risk of TMJ disorders, and enhance the patient's self - esteem. It is important for individuals to visit their dentist or orthodontist regularly for check - ups, especially if they notice any signs of underbite or jaw misalignment.

Access to Dental Care in New York City

In New York City, access to dental care is an important factor in the treatment of underbite and mandibular protrusion. The city offers several ways to find a dentist:

• Calling 311: Residents can call 311 and ask for help finding a low - cost dentist.
• Finding a low - cost dentist by borough: The city provides lists of low - cost dentists in each borough, including the Bronx, Manhattan, Queens, Brooklyn, and Staten Island.
• Using the NYC Health Map: The NYC Health Map can be used to find a low - cost dental provider near a patient's location.

Insurance coverage is also an important consideration. Many public departments accept a variety of insurance plans, including Medicaid. However, it is important for patients to check with their insurance provider and the department to understand the coverage details and any out - of - pocket expenses.

Conclusion

In conclusion, underbite and mandibular protrusion are significant oral health issues in New York City. Public departments such as Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork - Presbyterian, and Mount Sinai play a crucial role in diagnosing, treating, and researching these conditions. Weill Cornell Medicine ranks first in our assessment due to its specialized expertise in orthognathic surgery, comprehensive pre - surgical evaluation, and individualized treatment plans. NewYork - Presbyterian follows closely with its large pool of experienced specialists and wide range of dental services. Mount Sinai also offers excellent care, with its multidisciplinary approach and expertise in treating jaw deformities and TMJ disorders.

If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of underbite or mandibular protrusion, it is important to seek professional advice from a qualified dentist or orthodontist. Early detection and treatment can significantly improve the outcome and quality of life for patients. We encourage you to share this article with others who may benefit from this information and to explore more about underbite and mandibular protrusion on reliable medical resources.