What is LASEK (2)

LASEK, or Laser-Assisted Subepithelial Keratectomy, is a refractive eye surgery procedure that aims to correct vision problems, such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. It is a variation of the popular LASIK procedure, but with some differences in how the cornea is treated.

LASEK is a surface ablation technique that involves reshaping the cornea by using a laser to remove or reshape the thin outer layer of the cornea called the epithelium. This procedure allows light to properly focus on the retina, resulting in clearer vision.

Although LASEK may not be as well-known as LASIK, it can be a suitable option for individuals who are not suitable candidates for LASIK due to thin corneas or other factors. LASEK can achieve similar visual outcomes as LASIK but with a different surgical approach.

Next, let's explore what LASEK can achieve and what's included in the procedure.

What can LASEK achieve and what's included?

LASEK can effectively correct nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), and astigmatism. By reshaping the cornea, LASEK allows light to be properly focused onto the retina, improving visual acuity.

The procedure typically includes a comprehensive pre-operative examination, the surgery itself, and a post-operative follow-up period. During the pre-operative examination, your eye doctor will assess your candidacy for LASEK by evaluating various factors, such as your corneal thickness, ocular health, and visual prescription.

On the day of the surgery, local anesthesia is administered to numb the eyes. The surgeon then uses a microsurgical instrument called a trephine to create a small, hinged flap of epithelial tissue. This flap is gently folded to expose the cornea's underlying layers. The excimer laser is then used to reshape the cornea's surface, and the epithelial flap is repositioned.

After the procedure, patients are typically provided with protective contact lenses to promote healing and reduce discomfort. Regular post-operative check-ups are scheduled to monitor the progress of the healing process and ensure optimal outcomes.

Now that we understand the achievements and components of LASEK, let's explore its pros and cons.

Pros and Cons of LASEK

LASEK offers several advantages over other refractive surgery procedures:

1. Suitable for Thin Corneas:

Unlike LASIK, LASEK can be performed on individuals with thin corneas, expanding the pool of potential candidates for vision correction surgery.

2. Minimally Invasive:

As a surface ablation technique, LASEK preserves the structural integrity of the cornea by only removing or reshaping the epithelial layer. This results in a thinner corneal flap compared to LASIK, potentially reducing the risk of complications.

3. No Corneal Flap Complications:

Since LASEK does not involve creating a corneal flap, there is a lower risk of flap-related complications, such as flap dislocation or epithelial ingrowth.

4. Enhanced Safety Profile:

LASEK has a proven safety track record, with a low risk of significant complications. The procedure is approved by regulatory bodies, and the technology used in LASEK continues to improve further.

While LASEK offers several advantages, it's important to consider potential drawbacks:

1. Longer Recovery Time:

Compared to LASIK, the recovery period for LASEK is typically longer. It may take several days to weeks for vision to stabilize and improve.

2. Temporary Discomfort:

During the initial healing phase, patients may experience discomfort, mild pain, and sensitivity to light. These effects usually subside as the eyes heal.

3. Potential Haze or Glare:

Some patients may experience temporary visual disturbances, such as glare or haze around lights, particularly at night. These symptoms typically resolve with time.

4. Risk of Corneal Haze:

In rare cases, LASEK may lead to the development of corneal haze, which can slightly blur vision. However, advancements in LASEK techniques have significantly reduced the occurrence of this complication.

How much does LASEK cost and who's a good candidate?

The cost of LASEK can vary depending on factors such as the geographical location, the surgeon's experience, and the technology used. On average, LASEK can cost between $1,500 to $3,000 per eye.

Good candidates for LASEK include individuals:

1. with Stable Vision:

Patients should have a stable eyeglass or contact lens prescription for at least one year before considering LASEK.

2. with Healthy Eyes:

Patients should have healthy eyes with no underlying ocular conditions, such as glaucoma or severe dry eyes.

3. with Realistic Expectations:

Patients should have realistic expectations about the outcomes of LASEK and understand that it may not achieve perfect vision without the need for glasses or contact lenses in all situations.

Is LASEK worth it and how to prepare for the procedure?

Whether LASEK is worth it depends on individual circumstances and preferences.

Before undergoing the procedure, it is important to:

1. Choose a Skilled Surgeon:

Research and select an experienced and reputable ophthalmologist who specializes in LASEK.

2. Attend a Comprehensive Consultation:

Attend a thorough pre-operative consultation to evaluate your candidacy, discuss potential risks and benefits, and understand the procedure's details.

3. Follow Pre-operative Instructions:

Adhere to any pre-operative instructions provided by your surgeon, such as discontinuing the use of contact lenses and avoiding certain medications.

How does LASEK work and how long does the procedure take?

LASEK involves the following steps:

1. Anesthesia Administration:

Eye drops or a local anesthetic is administered to numb the eyes, ensuring a painless procedure.

2. Epithelial Flap Creation:

A trephine or alcohol solution is used to loosen and create a thin epithelial flap on the cornea.

3. Laser Reshaping:

An excimer laser is used to precisely remove or reshape the corneal tissue, based on the patient's unique visual prescription.

The entire LASEK procedure typically takes approximately 15 to 30 minutes per eye.

How long does the effect of LASEK last and is it safe?

LASEK provides long-lasting vision correction. In most cases, the effects of LASEK are permanent, allowing patients to enjoy improved vision without the need for glasses or contact lenses.

LASEK is considered safe with a low risk of complications. As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks and side effects, but significant complications are rare.

How soon will you see results and what is the recovery like?

Patients typically experience an improvement in vision within a few days after LASEK surgery. However, it may take several weeks for vision to stabilize fully.

The recovery process involves:

1. Use of Protective Contact Lenses:

Protective contact lenses are placed on the eyes after surgery to promote healing and provide comfort.

2. Frequent Eye Drops:

Patient is prescribed with prescription eye drops to prevent infection and encourage healing.

3. Rest and Avoidance of Certain Activities:

Patients are advised to avoid activities that strain the eyes, such as swimming, contact sports, or rubbing the eyes. Rest and proper eye care are essential for effective healing.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. Can LASEK correct presbyopia?

No, LASEK is primarily used to correct nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. Presbyopia, which is the loss of near vision with age, may require alternative treatments such as multifocal lenses or monovision LASIK.

2. Will I need to wear glasses after LASEK?

In most cases, patients experience a significant reduction in their dependence on glasses or contact lenses. However, some individuals may still require glasses for certain activities or fine-tuning of their vision.

3. Are both eyes treated on the same day?

Surgeons often recommend treating one eye at a time to allow for proper healing and assessment of visual outcomes. The second eye is typically treated a few days to weeks after the first eye.

References:

1. American Academy of Ophthalmology - LASEK
2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration - LASIK Risks and Complications